gtx480 |
2014-03-09 14:19 |
北京中山公园位于天安门西侧,前临金水桥,后倚故宫,西靠中南海,占地23.8公顷,是一座带有纪念性的坛庙园林。1988年经国务院批准,列为全国重点文物保护单位。公园所在位置是唐代幽州城东北郊的一座古刹,辽代扩建为兴国寺,元代为万寿兴国寺。明永乐十八年(1420年),按“左祖右社”制度,于阙右门之右建社稷坛。社稷坛是封建皇帝祭祀土神、谷神的场所,也是皇权王土和国家收成的象征。园内现存五色土祭坛、神厨、神库、宰牲亭等祭祀古建及古柏群落。 1914年,在北洋政府内务总长朱启钤主持下将社稷坛辟为公园,初称中央公园,同年10月10日开放,是京城市内第一个公共园林。由于公园地理位置优越,景色优美,成为京城各社会团体、各阶层人士聚集的重要场所。鲁迅、李大钊、李苦禅、巴金等都曾在此品茗、聚会。1925年,孙中山先生逝世,在园内拜殿停灵公祭。为纪念这位伟大的民主革命先驱,1928年公园改称中山公园。建园之初,营建了水榭、松柏交翠亭、格言亭、唐花坞等,移建了习礼亭、兰亭八柱,以及青云片、青莲朵等宫苑名石。新中国成立后,新建了愉园、来今雨轩(杏花村)、蕙芳园等景区。将一个荒凉破旧的公园建成为一座殿堂辉煌,古木葱郁,花团锦簇,清新静雅的现代城市园林。[attachment=970684] [attachment=970685] [attachment=970686] [attachment=970687] [attachment=970688] [attachment=970689] [attachment=970690] [attachment=970691] [attachment=970692] [attachment=970693] [attachment=970717] [attachment=970695] [attachment=970696] [attachment=970697] [attachment=970698] [attachment=970699] [attachment=970700] [attachment=970718] [attachment=970702] [attachment=970703] [attachment=970704] [attachment=970705] [attachment=970706] [attachment=970707] [attachment=970708] [attachment=970719] [attachment=970710] [attachment=970711] [attachment=970712] [attachment=970713] [attachment=970714] [attachment=970715] [attachment=970716]
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